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State-space Modeling of Neural Oscillations: Toward Assessing Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology with Sleep EEG
The recent development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) modifying therapies has led to a heightened need for early diagnostic methods that can facilitate treatment before significant disease progression. Studies over the past two decades have highlighted brain waves during sleep as a unique window to objectively assess neural activity impacted by AD neuropathology.
However, quantifying neural oscillations is still challenging despite their widespread use in neuroscience. Many existing practices are based on visual inspection and the ubiquitous Fourier transform. These approaches have become increasingly limiting as the scientific questions become more complicated, as is the case with sleep oscillations in preclinical AD patients.
We developed a new set of methods to investigate neural oscillations from first principles of time-domain modeling. These novel methods make it feasible to analyze real electrophysiological recordings in an individualized, efficient, and reliable manner. They now enable new mathematically grounded solutions to some previously overlooked fundamental questions: What neural oscillations are present? How can we characterize them? When are they occurring? Where are the cortical origins of changes observed on the scalp? We then applied these methods toward developing novel sleep EEG biomarkers that are related to the underlying AD neuropathology.
This approach for state-space modeling of neural oscillations can be applied to a variety of neurophysiological phenomena, from cognitive processes to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The significant improvement in precision, accuracy, and interpretability offered by these methods may provide a critical step toward assessing neuropathology in AD and other neurological disorders non-invasively in humans.
Thesis Supervisor:
Patrick L. Purdon, PhD
Associate Professor of Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, MGH and HMS
Thesis Committee Chair:
Emery N. Brown, MD, PhD
Professor of Medical Engineering and Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT; Professor of Anaesthesia, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, MGH and HMS
Thesis Readers:
Michael J. Prerau, PhD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, BWH and HMS
Bradford C. Dickerson, MD
Professor of Neurology, Frontotemporal Disorders Unit and Laboratory of Neuroimaging, MGH and HMS
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Alex He is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.
Topic: Mingjian (Alex) He Thesis Defense
Time: Tuesday, December 05, 2023, 11:00 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
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